How to replace the Hard drive of Apple MacBook – How to remove the battery

How to remove the battery  - how to remove the HDD – How to install OS – How to Clone the existing hard drive - Apple MacBook 13 inch

 Getting Started

Before performing any repair, unplug the unit from the wall, and remove the battery! You do not want to have any current running through the machine while working on it. Also, do not perform a repair on the carpet as it holds a lot of static electricity that could damage your unit. Perform your repair on a hard level surface such as a computer desk, kitchen table, or ESD work bench. After unplugging the machine and removing the battery, you’ll want to discharge any static electricity in your body. To do this, just touch a piece of metal on your workspace. This will discharge any electricity from your body. If you get up and walk around during the repair make sure to always touch some metal before touching your unit to make sure you have discharged any static from your body.

Removing the Battery

To remove the battery, simply insert your Spudger into the battery lock and turn he Spudger to the right (to the unlock graphic). Hold the tool in this position, and the battery will pop up slightly. Grab the battery with your other free hand, and pull it up and out of the unit. One the battery is removed, you can remove your Spudger from the lock mechanism. To replace the battery, line the battery back up in the unit with the right edge corner going in first. Then, hold the battery down and use your Spudger to turn the battery back to the left towards the locked graphic.

The L Bracket Removal 

The L-Bracket is responsible for covering the access points to the RAM slots and hard drive bay. It also shields screws that must be removed to remove the top case. Therefore, the L-Bracket will have to be removed for every repair on the Macbook.

Remove the 3 Philips head screws holding down the “L” Bracket. The exact positioning is shown in the picture to the right. The screws should stay attached to the bracket. Lift the bracket up and out of the battery bay as shown in the second picture to the left.

After removing the L-Bracket you will see a metal lever. Pull on the lever, as in the picture below to remove the memory currently installed in your machine. There are two slots, and therefore two levers. If you pull on a lever and RAM does not pop out, then that slot is likely empty. Grasp the memory and pull it out of the slot. To reinstall the memory, just slide the chip into the slot. If you aren’t sure which way it goes, look at the picture in the battery bay

Removing Hard Drive

The MacBook uses a Serial ATA (SATA) drive. This is different from Powerbook and iBook drives which have an IDE interface.

On the left hand side of the battery bay, you should notice a white plastic tab. Use your Spudger to pull out the tab so that you can easily grab it with your fingers.
Grasp the plastic tab and pull out. The hard drive is connected to the tab, and it should come out easily.
If you are installing a new drive, you will need to transfer the sled from the old drive to the new one. To do this, remove the 4 Torx T8 screws from each side of the drive.
Remove the sled from the old drive, transfer it to the new drive, and reinstall the 4 Torx (r) T8 screws.

Install operating system and software from scratch

Follow these instructions after physically installing your new hard drive.
# Insert an OS X installation disc into your optical drive.
# Start the computer up on the installation disc by holding down the “option” key while the computer boots.
# Select the installation disc from the menu.
# Select your language and wait for the installer to load.
# Select “Disk Utility” from the Utility drop down menu.
# Select your new hard drive from the left column in Disk Utility.
# Click on the “Erase” tab.
# Choose the Volume format (we recommend “Mac OS Extended (Journaled)”).
# Select a name for the drive.
# Click “Erase.”
# After erasing is done, quit Disk Utility.
# You may now continue with the OS X installation process. If the drive doesn’t show up as an available volume to install the OS onto, restarting the computer should fix the problem. 

Clone your existing hard drive
If you’re happy with your existing operating system installation and simply are upgrading your hard drive capacity, you can clone your existing hard drive to your new drive.
To clone a hard drive, you’ll need a way to connect two hard drives to your Mac.You’ll need to make sure you have an ATA enclosure (IF136-005) if you have a PowerBook or iBook, or a SATA enclosure (IF107-055) if you have a MacBook or MacBook Pro. After you’re done cloning the drive, you can put your old drive in the external enclosure and use it as a backup drive. You can also use an external USB or Firewire backup drive to clone your hard drive. However, in this situation you’ll need to first clone your existing drive to the external drive, and then clone the drive back to your new internal drive.

The following instructions assume you’ll be using an external Firewire enclosure for a laptop drive and SuperDuper. If you’re using a different setup, your installation process may be somewhat different.
# Install your new hard drive in the external Firewire enclosure.
# Connect the Firewire enclosure to your Mac.
# Open Disk Utility.
# Select your new hard drive from the left column in Disk Utility.
# Click on the “Erase” tab.
# Choose the Volume format (we recommend “Mac OS Extended (Journaled)”).
# Select a name for the drive.
# Click “Erase.”
# After erasing is done, quit Disk Utility.
# Your new hard drive should now appear on the computer’s desktop.
# Download and install SuperDuper!
# Open SuperDuper.
# Select your current hard drive in the dropdown menu labeled “Copy.”
# Select your new hard drive in the dropdown menu labeled “to.”
# Select “Backup – all files” in the dropdown menu labeled “using.”
# Click “Copy Now.”
# If prompted, provide your password.
# Wait for the drive to copy (this could take several hours if you have a lot on your hard drive already).
# After the copy is complete, quit SuperDuper!.
# At this point, your new hard drive should be loaded with your existing software and ready to install; however, we recommend testing the software installation.
1 Restart the computer while holding down the “option” key.
2 Select your new hard drive from the menu.
3 Wait for the computer to boot up, then verify that everything looks right (make sure you’re actually booting up off the new drive).
4 Your new hard drive is now ready to be installed in your computer.
5 Remove your new hard drive from the external enclosure and install it in your computer.

Apple TV 1st Generation: disassembling procedure

Apple TV 1st Generation – Disassembling procedure – How to remove the bottom cover – How to remove the power supply – How to replace the Hard disk

Flip the Apple TV over so that the bottom of the unit is facing up.
You need to remove the rubber base to get access to the screws.
Starting at one side of the device, use a hairdryer or a heat gun to soften the adhesive holding the rubber base in place.
The rubber base will be hot after heating, take extreme caution while proceeding to avoid personal injury.
While the adhesive is still warm, peel the bottom of the rubber base upwards to detach it from the metal plate.
Repeat the procedure described above until the rubber base has been completely removed.

Remove the four T10 Torx screws that secure the lower case to the upper case.

Carefully lift the lower case from the upper case enough to allow access to the internals of the Apple TV.

Be aware that the hard drive is physically attached to the lower case and that a ribbon cable runs from the drive to the logic board in the upper case.

Carefully pull the hard drive data cable straight up from its socket on the logic board. During reassembly, make sure the hard drive data cable is firmly seated in its socket on the logic board; otherwise, during boot-up you will see a flashing question mark "?".

Pry the AirPort antenna cables straight up from their sockets on the logic board.

Remove the single T8 Torx screw securing the AirPort card to the logic board.

Cautiously lift the AirPort card and pull it straight away. Slide it from its socket on the logic board.

POWER SUPPLY REMOVAL

 Disconnect the power cable straight up from its socket on the logic board.

There is a release tab that must be pushed inwards in conjunction with pulling to release the power cable
Make sure to pull the connector traight up from its socket and not toward the face of the logic board.

Remove the following three screws securing the power supply to the upper case:
One 4.8 mm T8 Torx screw
Two 5.8 mm T8 Torx screws

Use your finger to push and dislodge the AC power connector inwards, towards the power supply.This should pop out easily.

How to remove Hard Drive

Carefully pull the hard drive data cable straight up from its socket on the logic board. During reassembly, make sure the hard drive data cable is firmly seated in its socket on the logic board; otherwise, during boot-up you will see a flashing question mark "?".

Remove the four T8 Torx screws securing the hard drive to the lower case.

Align the new hard drive with the screw holes on the lower case.

While holding the hard drive in place, insert and tighten the screws back into the lower case.
Don't forget to reconnect the hard drive data cable to its socket on the logic board.

Stereo amplifier circuit diagram and descriptions - using IRFB4020 MOSFETs

A. General Notes.
a. AC voltage thresholds: operate at above 70 V and shutdown at below 50 V.
b Idle current: 120V and 230V @ 0.2A; short limit current: less than 1A per CH

c. Firmwares (FW): four revisions as follow:
f. Service Bulletin:
1. Service bulletin #KSE0001revA, Issue date: Oct 2009,
Title: K Series inductor reinforcement. L13
g. Troubleshoot hints:
1. Power supply failures:
- No blown MOSFETs Q13 & Q14. Check for broken/cracked lead of inductors L11, L12, L13.
. Idle current: 120V and 230V @ 0.2A; short limit current: less than 1A per CH
1. FW Rev A - Initial release.
2. FW Rev B - Increased turn on mute time to avoid signal passing when the system powers off with certain AC input situations.
3. FW Rev C - Increased the fan turn on voltage because some fans wouldn't come on at the initial startup voltage.
4. FW Rev D - Adjusted fan thresholds to accommodate hardware changes and modified limiters based on amplifier updates.
Notes:
FW Rev D IS NOT compatible with older amplifiers which have FW Rev A-C and vise versa amplifier with FW Rev D cannot be downgrade to earlier FW revisions (A-C).
d. K-Series power amplifier is class D, so passive low-pass filter (Audio Precision AUX-0025) is required for all measurements - power, %THD, etc.
e. Circuitry revisions.
1. ECO# 9377, Rev B, Eff. date: Jul 2009:
- Change R141 and R143
2. ECO# 9457, Rev C, Eff. date: Aug 2009:
- Change C13, C14, C25, R73, R77, R173, & FW rev D. Add D15, D16.
Due to circuitry changes on both DSP and Power boards, new and old revisions are incompatible and require correct firmware revision.
- Blown MOSFETs Q13 & Q14. Always replace both MOSFETs and diodes D33 & D34
2. Blown MOSFETS outputs of Amplification circuit:
- Always replace both MOSFETs on the defective channel. If the amplifier still has problem, check its driver - U5 for Q2 & 3 and U7 for Q4 & Q5.

B. Top Box Power Module with DSP feature disabled. To disable DSP, pull out the GAIN B knob, use a install a shunt across pins 2 & 4 if header J7 has 10 pins (early K Series production with PCB rev A & B, till Feb 2010) or across
a. Setup: * Apply a 10 mVrms, 1k Hz sine wave to only XLR input of MIC/LINE IN A; set only GAIN A control fully up; set MIC/LINE switch to LINE.
* K & KW Output Adapter (SG-000576-TS): set the MODE switch to BYPASS. Do not apply any load on the HF channel if the adapter is not available to avoid overloading the HF channel.
b. Output measurements:
1. Output = 1.0 Vrms; LF output and HF output are 180 degree out of phase.
2. Turn the MIC/LINE switch to MIC position.
3. Verify an increase of 24.5 dB gain (16.75 Vrms).
4. Turn both gain controls down. Disconnect the signal from LINE IN A’s input and feed the same signal onto either RCA input. Turn only GAIN B control fully up and verify each output (should be 2 Vrms). Repeat this step to check other RCA input.
5. Turn gain control B down. Disconnect input from RCA and then feed the signal into LINE IN B’s XLR input. Change the input amplitude to 300mV. Turn GAIN B control fully up. Verify output on each channel; should be 101 W @8-ohm with <0.2% THD or 28.5 Vrms
6. Change the input amplitude to 560 mV. Verify output on each channel; should be 358 W @8-ohm with <1.0% THD or 53 Vrms. Note: red LIMIT LED turns on; it is normal.
pins 4 & 6 if header J7 has 6 pins

C. Sub Box Power Module with DSP feature disabled. To disable DSP, pull out the GAIN knob, locate W2 on the right side of the gain pot, and temporarily short two pads of W2 together by soldering a piece of wire on them.
a. Setup:

Apply a 600 mVrms, 1k Hz sinewave to only XLR input of MIC/LINE IN A; Turn GAIN control fully up

b. Output measurements:
1. Output power in bridge (two channel outputs are combined) should be 425 W @8-ohm with <0.2% THD or approximately 58 Vrms

3. Change the input amplitude to 800 mV. Verify output power; it should be 760 W @8-ohm with <1.0% THD or approximately 78 Vrms.

Schematic and PWB

DSP & EEPROM

Input stage

Power amplifier

Power supply (SMPS )

Common parts:
a. K Sub
SP-000183-00 WOOFER,12",PAPER,,,FERRITE,
WP-003310-00 AMP ASSY, KSUB, UNIV SPLY, FULL RNG, PWRD
WP-003314-00 ENTIRE BOARD ASSY. (POWER SUPPLY BOARD)
WP-000334-TS PCB ASSY,INPUT,KSUB,,
b. K8
SP-000180-00 WOOFER, 8", PAPER, FERRITE
WP-003307-00 AMP ASSY,MAIN,K8,UNIVERSAL SUPPLY,
WP-003311-00 PCB ASSY,,K8,UNIVERSAL SUPPLY,
WP-000331-TS PCB ASSY,INPUT,K8,,
c. K10
SP-000181-00 WOOFER, 10", PAPER, FERRITE
WP-003308-00 AMP ASSY, 10", k10, UNIV SPLY, FULL RNG, PWRD
WP-003312-00 PCB ASSY,,K10,UNIVERSAL SUPPLY,
WP-000332-TS PCB ASSY,INPUT,K10,,
d. K12
SP-000182-00 WOOFER, 12", PAPER, FERRITE
WP-003309-00 AMP ASSY, k12, UNIV SPLY, FULL RNG, PWRD
WP-003313-00 PCB ASSY,,K12,UNIVERSAL SUPPLY,
WP 000333-TS PCB ASSY,INPUT,K12,,
e. Common Parts to all models
CO-000386-00 JACK,IEC,3 POS,FEMALE,LOCKING (all models)
SP-000184-00 COMPRESSION DRIVER,1.75",,,PETP,NEODYMIUM,
SR-000145-00 DIAPHRAGM, CELESTION T5510/R, 8 OHM
WC-000361-GP POWER CORD,IEC V-LOCK,18AWG, 3M,,NEMA 5-15,120V
WC-000362-GP POWER CORD,IEC V=LOCK,0.75MM, 3M,,CEE 7/7,230V
WP-000367-00 FAN ASSY,,BOP-2CH,, (all models)
IC-000382-30 DSP 28/56 BIT, , ADAU1701, , U10
IC-000413-30 DRIVER, IRS20957, SMT, U5, U7
QD-000284-00 MOSFET, 600V, 26A, 313W, STW26NM60, TO-247, Q14
QD-000312-GP LED, 3MM, BLUE SP, SLR343BB T 225419 ROHM, , ,
QD-000363-30 DIODE, 30V, 2.0A, , MBR230, SOD-123, D23, D24, D38, D39
QD-000372-00 BRIDGE RECTIFIER,KBU1005, IN-LINE, 600V 10A, BR1
QD-000373-00 MOSFET, 200V, 18A, 100W, IRFB4020, TO-220AB, Q2-Q5
QD-000376-00 MOSFET, 600V, 11A, 160W, STP11NM60FD, TO-220, Q13
QD-000391-00 DIODE, 600V, 8A, FFP08S60S, TO-220, 15NS, D33, D34
QD-000394-10 TRANSISTOR NPN,50V, 2A, 0.9W, 2SC2655, TO-92, Q16, Q7
XF-000376-00 INDUCTOR, CM, TOROID, 4MH, BOP, , 50/60HZ 6.3AL, 11, L12
XF-000377-00 INDUCTOR, 60HZ PFC, TOROID, 774UH, BOP, L13

Lenovo G50-30 Laptop Disassembling procedure – How to test the battery pack

Lenovo G50-30 - G50-45 - G50-70 - G50-70m - Z50-70 -  Z50-75 - G50-80 – Laptop Disassembling procedure – How to test the battery pack – How to test the AC adapter voltage – How to remove and replace the Keyboard – How to remove the battery – how to remove the HDD and optical drive

How to verify the power system 

1. Turn off the computer.
2. Remove the battery pack.
3. Connect the AC adapter.
4. Make sure that power is supplied when you turn on the computer.
5. Turn off the computer.
6. Disconnect the AC adapter and install the charged battery pack.
7. Make sure that the battery pack supplies power when you turn on the computer.

If you suspect a power problem, see the appropriate one of the following power supply checkouts:
“Checking the AC adapter”
“Checking operational charging”
“Checking the battery pack”
Checking the AC adapter
You are here because the computer fails only when the AC adapter is used.
If the power-on indicator does not turn on, check the power cord of the AC adapter for correct continuity and installation.

To check the AC adapter, follow the steps below:
1. Unplug the AC adapter cable from the computer.
2. Measure the output voltage at the plug of the AC adapter cable. See the following figure:

Note: Output voltage for the AC adapter pin No. 2 may differ from the one you are servicing.

3. If the voltage is not correct, replace the AC adapter.
4. If the voltage is acceptable, do the following:
Replace the system board.

Note: Noise from the AC adapter does not always indicate a defect.
Checking operational charging
To check whether the battery charges properly during operation, use a discharged battery pack or a battery pack that has less than 50% of the total power remaining when installed in the computer.

Perform operational charging. If the battery status indicator or icon does not light on, remove the battery pack and let it return to room temperature. Reinstall the battery pack. If the charge indicator or icon is still off, replace the battery pack.
If the charge indicator still does not light on, replace the system board. Then reinstall the battery pack. If it is still not charged, go to the next section.
Checking the battery pack
Battery charging does not start until the Power Meter shows that less than 95% of the total power remains; under this condition the battery pack can charge to 100% of its capacity. This protects the battery pack from being overcharged or from having a shortened life.
To check your battery, move your cursor to the Power Meter icon in the icon tray of the Windows taskbar and wait for a moment (but do not click it), and the percentage of battery power remaining is displayed. To get detailed information about the battery, double-click the Power Meter icon.

Note: If the battery pack becomes hot, it may not be able to be charged. Remove it from the computer and leave it at room temperature for a while. After it cools down, reinstall and recharge it.

Restore of factory default
The Lenovo G50-30/G50-45/G50-70/G50-70m/Z50-70/Z50-75/G50-80 computers come with pre-installed OneKey Recovery System. In order to save application files and the initial backed up files of the system, the hard disk in a Lenovo computer includes a hidden partition when it is shipped. If you need to restore the system to the point of your first boot up, just enter Lenovo OneKey Recovery System and run System Recovery.

LAPTOP DISASSEMBLING PROCEDURE 

How to remove Battery pack

Unlock the manual latch 1. Slide the spring-loaded latch to the unlocked position 2 to eject the battery pack. Lift up the inner edge of the battery pack, pivoting it on the outer edge 3. Gently raise the battery pack in the indicated direction 4 to remove it.

How to remove Base cover

Remove the screws 1. Then remove the base cover 2.

How to remove Optical drive

Remove the screw 1. Pull the optical drive out in the direction shown by arrow 2.

How to remove Hard disk drive

Remove the screws 1. Detach the HDD connector and then remove the hard disk drive from the slot in the direction shown by arrow 2.

How to remove Keyboard

Remove the screws 1.

Insert the screwdriver into the bottom hole 2. Then pull the keyboard out of the keyboard bezel 3.

Lift the keyboard slightly 4. Detach the connectors in the directions shown by arrows 5 and 6. Then remove the keyboard.

XGA COLOR MONITOR-Daewoo 531B – Service mode, adjustments, troubleshooting and schematic

Used ICs and semiconductors: TDA9210, TDA4856 (H.OSC), NT6828(OSD), 24C08(EEPROM), KA2142(V-OUT), KTC5802 (H-Out transistor), CF1656-(FBT), H3842(SMPS Control IC), SPP04N60S5( Power Switching FET), 1DWM240T---(System control)

Test high voltage only by measuring it with an appropriate high voltage meter or other voltage measuring device (DVM, FETVOM. etc.) equipped with a suitable high voltage probe. Do not test high voltage by “drawing an arc”  Discharge the picture tube anode only by: (a) first connecting one end of an insulated clip lead to the degaussing or line grounding system shield at the point where the picture tube socket ground lead is connected, and then (b) touching the other end of the insulated clip lead to the picture tube anode button, using an insulating handle to avoid personal contact with high voltage.

This color monitor automatically scans all horizontal frequencies from 30KHz to 70KHz, and all vertical frequencies from 50Hz to 160Hz. This color monitor supports IBM PC, PC/XT, PC/AT, personal System/2 (PS/2), Apple Macintosh, and compatible users crisp text and vivid color graphics display when using the following graphics adapters : (VGA, 8514/A,  Super VGA, VESA and XGA and Apple Macintosh Video Card). And so, this color monitor has a maximum horizontal resolution of 1280 dots and a maximum vertical resolution of 1024 lines for superior clarity of display.
By accepting analog signal inputs which level is zero to 0.7 Volts. This color monitor can display and unlimited palette of colors depending on the graphics adapter and software being used.

Adjustments [Pre-Adjustment]

B+ Adjustment

Adjust 50Vdc ± 0.1Vdc between D102 cathode and ground at 31.5KHz mode, varying VR001.
Adjust 59Vdc ± 0.1Vdc between D510 cathode and ground at 31.5KHz mode, varying VR501.

Factory mode

Push the menu button.
Push the menu button and plus control button (DN ) for 5 times in same time.

Setting the Controls
Set the value of items as following.
Contrast : Max.(OSD value up to MAX)
Brightness : Center(Set the OSD value to center)
2. H.size, V.size, H.center, V.center, Pin Balance, Pincushion, Trapezoid
Receive the cross hatch pattern of Factory preset mode.
H.size, V.size, H.center, V.center, Pin Balance, Pincushion, Trapezoid are adjusted at each mode.
In Factory, Auto Alignment was done at each mode. Therefore, Factory preset mode has it’s own value according to each control.
3. Focus
(a) Set brightness control to center and contrast control to MAX.
(b) Receive all “H” character pattern of 1024 X 768 (48KHz, 60Hz)
(c) Adjust the Focus control of FBT to obtain best Focus.
4. Geometric Distortion Adjustment.
(a) Receive the cross hatch pattern of factory preset mode.
(b) Pincushion, Trapezoid, Pin Balance are adjusted the best geometric status.
5. White Balance Adjustment
(a) Select 9300°K on the OSD Menu.
(b) Receive a full white pattern of 54KHz mode signal by using the signal generator.
(c) Set the brightness control to the maximum, the contrast control to the maximum.
(d) Cut off the FBT screen VR.
(e) Receive all the black patterns. The luminance of the screen should be 0.5~1.0 Ft-L by using Screen VR.
(f) Select the R-BIAS, G-BIAS and B-BIAS on the control menu and adjust the +/– key to get the color coordinates in x=0.281 ± 0.015, y=0.311± 0.015.
(g) Receive a full white pattern. Adjust the brightness value to the center.
(h) Select the R-GAIN and B-GAIN and adjust the +/– key to get the color coordinates in x=0.281 ± 0.015, y=0.311 ± 0.015.
(i) Adjust the ABL control to get the screen luminance to 30 Ft/L (a full white pattern over 30 Ft/L)
(j) Check if the x, y coordinates of color analyzer is in x=0.281±0.015, y=0.311±0.015.
If the color coordinates is out of range, adjust the R. G. B BIAS & GAIN to get the coordinates in x=0.281, y=0.311. Make sure that the coordinates is in range.
(k) Select 6550°K on the OSD Menu and set the color coordinates in x=0.313, y=0.329 at the maximum contrast control and center brightness control
(l) Check if a full white pattern is over 30Ft/L.

Troubleshooting table

PWB

Schematic

Static Convergence Adjustment
(a) Apply a magenta cross hatch pattern on display.
(b) Adjust the focus from the best over all focus on the display.
Also adjust the brightness to the desired condition.
(c) Vertical red and blue lines are converged by varying the angle between the two tabs of the 4-pole magnets.
(d) Horizontal red and blue lines are converged by varying the tabs together, keeping the angle between them constant.
(e) Apply a yellow cross hatch pattern on display.
(f) Vertical green and red lines are converged by barying the angle between the two tabs of the 6-pole magnets.
(g) Horizontal green and red lines are converged by varying the tabs together, keeping the angle between them constant.

Apple MacBook - MacBook Pro - MacBoo Air – How to connect to a Video projector

Apple MacBook: connecting to a video projector 

Once you have connected your MacBook/MacBook Pro to the installed rack equipment and turned the laptop on, the next step is to activate the connection to the video projector so that your presentation can be displayed. Please consult the rack instructions in the classroom for more information.
Once the LAPTOP input has been selected, the image on your laptop screen should be visible on the in-room projector or flat panel monitor. (Please note that in some classrooms, it may take up to an additional 5 seconds before an image appears.)
On occasion, additional steps may be required for an image to be displayed from your laptop. If an image doesn’t project and you see a black or blue screen or the projector says “No Input”:
Disconnect the Mac Adapter from your laptop, wait 5 seconds, then reconnect the Mac Adapter. This can help with signal syncing between the laptop, the installed rack equipment, and the projector.
Make sure that the VGA cable has a solid connection to the Mac Adapter.
Make sure that the VGA cable has a solid connection to the VGA port on the installed rack equipment.
If you have done the above steps, but an image still doesn’t show:
1. Click the Apple icon in the top-left corner of the screen.

2. Select “System Preferences”.

3. Click on “Displays”

4. In the lower-right corner of the new window, click “Detect Displays”.

If you are getting an image but it is different than your laptop screen you may have to enable “Mirror Display” on your Mac laptop.
1. Click the Apple icon in the top-left corner of the screen.

2. Select “System Preferences”.

3. Click on “Displays”

4. In the lower-left corner of the new window, select “Show displays in menu bar”.

5. Go back to the toolbar at the top of the screen - only this time, look to the right side of the toolbar. You should now see a monitor image like the one below:

6. Left-click and select “Turn On Mirroring”.

7. The same image should now be displayed on both screens.

Troubleshooting

The quality of the projected image resolution is poor/hard to read/ looks “squished”.
1. Ensure that “Turn On Mirroring” is checked. (In older Mac OS’s, there is an option box titled “Mirror Displays” under the “Arrangement” tab.) Refer to the section, “Connecting
to a video projector” for more instructions.
2. Select the “Monitor” tab /pane, and change the monitor resolution size to 1024 x 768, 60hz. Higher resolutions can be selected, but this is a standard resolution size which should resolve any resolution issues.
The projected image jumps around/flickers/shows static/has interference.
Make sure that the selected resolution size, whatever it may be, also uses the 60hz option.
The projected image is different than my desktop on my laptop screen.
Make sure that “Turn On Mirroring” (or “Mirror Displays” on older Mac OS’s) is selected.
This ensures that an exact copy of the main desktop will be projected. Refer to the section,
“Connecting to a video projector” for more instructions.

Can see my presentation, but do not hear any audio outside of my laptop.
1. Make sure that the audio jack - which comes with the installed VGA cable in the classrooms - is plugged into the headphone port of your laptop. In rooms where the VGA connection is visible, check that the audio cable is plugged into its appropriate port on the rack.
2. Ensure that the main laptop volume is turned up and unmuted. Also, confirm that there is no volume slider within the application that you are using. If there is, increase the volume and ensure that volume within the application is unmuted.
3. Turn up the volume control on the Touch screen/switcher/panel installed in the room.

Connecting to the NYU Wireless Network:
To connect to the NYU Wireless Network with any personal Mac Laptop:

1. Click on the icon, located at the top right corner of your screen.

When clicked, you will see the grayed out message below, when the AirPort is active. In the pull-down menu that appears, make sure that AirPort is turned on. (If it is not on, select “Turn AirPort (or Wi-Fi) On”.)

2. Select “nyu” from the drop-down menu.

3. Enter your NetID in the “Username” field and your password in the “Password” field. Then select “Join”.

Apple MacBook Pro 15 inch – How to replace the Hard drive of Apple MacBook Pro – How to remove the battery - how to remove the HDD – How to install OS – How to Clone the existing hard drive

Apple MacBook Pro 15 inch:  Disassembling Hard drive

Use your fingers to push both battery release tabs away from the battery, and lift the battery out of the computer.

Remove the three identical Phillips screws from the memory door. Make sure to record which sets of screws came from where. This will help when re-assembling.

Lift the memory door up enough to get a grip on it, and slide it toward you, pulling it away from the casing. Remove the two Phillips screws in the battery compartment near the latch.

Remove the following 6 screws: Two 10 mm T6 Torx screws on either side of the RAM slot.

Four 14.5 mm Phillips screws along the hinge.
Remove the four Phillips screws on the port side of the computer.

Rotate the computer 90 degrees and remove the two Phillips screws from the rear of the computer. Rotate the computer 90 degrees again and remove the four Phillips screws from the side of the computer.

Do not yank the upper case off quickly. The case is attached to the logic board via a ribbon cable. Lift up at the rear of the case and work your fingers along the sides, freeing the case as you go. Once you have freed the sides, you may need to rock the case up and down to free the front of the upper case. This stage can be quite tricky. Over the DVD reader are 4 tabs set back which pull out vertically. Note that the two small tongues on the left hand front of the upper case may bend while you remove the upper case. When re-installing, you may need to bend them back to fit in the grooves in the lower case.

Disconnect the trackpad and keyboard ribbon cable from the logic board, removing tape as necessary. Remove the upper case.

Disconnect the orange hard drive ribbon cable from the logic board. Use a spudger to carefully loosen the adhesive securing the sleep light and IR sensor connectors to the top of the hard drive.

Remove the two silver Phillips screws securing the hard drive retaining bracket to the lower case. In some machines these screws may have T6 Torx heads. Slide the Bluetooth board out of its slot next to the hard drive. The Bluetooth board is still connected to the orange hard drive cable, so don't try to remove it entirely from the computer.

Lift the hard drive up with one hand and use your other hand to remove the retaining bracket from the side of the hard drive. Disconnect the orange hard drive cable. After installing the new hard drive, make sure the vent hole (on top) is not covered by the orange ribbon cable.

Remove the two silver T6 Torx screws and black rubber bumpers from the right side of the hard drive. You'll need to transfer these screws and bumpers to your new hard drive if you're changing drives. Remove the two black T6 Torx screws and black rubber bumpers from the left side of the hard drive. You'll need to transfer these screws and bumpers to your new hard drive if you're changing drives.

Install operating system and software from scratch.

Follow these instructions after physically installing your new hard drive.
# Insert an OS X installation disc into your optical drive.
# Start the computer up on the installation disc by holding down the “option” key while the computer boots.
# Select the installation disc from the menu.
# Select your language and wait for the installer to load.
# Select “Disk Utility” from the Utility drop down menu.
# Select your new hard drive from the left column in Disk Utility.
# Click on the “Erase” tab.
# Choose the Volume format (we recommend “Mac OS Extended (Journaled)”).
# Select a name for the drive.
# Click “Erase.”
# After erasing is done, quit Disk Utility.
# You may now continue with the OS X installation process. If the drive doesn’t show up as an available volume to install the OS onto, restarting the computer should fix the problem. 

Clone your existing hard drive
If you’re happy with your existing operating system installation and simply are upgrading your hard drive capacity, you can clone your existing hard drive to your new drive.
To clone a hard drive, you’ll need a way to connect two hard drives to your Mac. You’ll need to make sure you have an ATA enclosure (IF136-005) if you have a PowerBook or iBook, or a SATA enclosure (IF107-055) if you have a MacBook or MacBook Pro. After you’re done cloning the drive, you can put your old drive in the external enclosure and use it as a backup drive. You can also use an external USB or Firewire backup drive to clone your hard drive. However, in this situation you’ll need to first clone your existing drive to the external drive, and then clone the drive back to your new internal drive.

The following instructions assume you’ll be using an external Firewire enclosure for a laptop drive and SuperDuper. If you’re using a different setup, your installation process may be somewhat different.
# Install your new hard drive in the external Firewire enclosure.
# Connect the Firewire enclosure to your Mac.
# Open Disk Utility.
# Select your new hard drive from the left column in Disk Utility.
# Click on the “Erase” tab.
# Choose the Volume format (we recommend “Mac OS Extended (Journaled)”).
# Select a name for the drive.
# Click “Erase.”
# After erasing is done, quit Disk Utility.
# Your new hard drive should now appear on the computer’s desktop.
# Download and install SuperDuper!
# Open SuperDuper.
# Select your current hard drive in the dropdown menu labeled “Copy.”
# Select your new hard drive in the dropdown menu labeled “to.”
# Select “Backup – all files” in the dropdown menu labeled “using.”
# Click “Copy Now.”
# If prompted, provide your password.
# Wait for the drive to copy (this could take several hours if you have a lot on your hard drive already).
# After the copy is complete, quit SuperDuper.
# At this point, your new hard drive should be loaded with your existing software and ready to install; however, we recommend testing the software installation.
1 Restart the computer while holding down the “option” key.
2 Select your new hard drive from the menu.
3 Wait for the computer to boot up, then verify that everything looks right (make sure you’re actually booting up off the new drive).
4 Your new hard drive is now ready to be installed in your computer.
5 Remove your new hard drive from the external enclosure and install it in your computer.

LG Flatron L1800PM, LB886F-SL and Dell1800FP TFT SXGA LCD - CHASSIS:CL-29 LCD Monitor – troubleshooting schematic, service adjustments

Take care during handling the LCD module with backlight unit.

Do not press on the panel, edge of the frame strongly or electric shock as this will result in damage to the screen.

USB (Universal Serial Bus) is an innovation in connecting your different desktop peripherals conveniently to your computer.  By using the USB, you will be able to connect your mouse, keyboard, and other peripher to your monitor instead of having to connect them to your computer. This will give you greater flexibility in setting up your system. USB allows you to connect chain up to 120 devices on a single USB port, and you can “hot” plug (attach them while the computer is running) or unplug them while maintaining Plug and Plug auto detection and configuration. This monitor has an integrated BUS-powered USB hub, allowing up to 2 other USB devices to be attached it.

Power Part.
This part consists of the one 5V, two 3.3V and one 2.5 regulators to convert power which is provided 12V, 5V in Power Board.
12V is provided for inverter, 5V is provided for Micom and LCD Panel.
Also, 5V is converted 3.3V and 2.5V by regulator. Converted power is provided for IC in the main board.

MICOM Part.
This part consists of EEPROM IC which stores control data, Reset IC and the Micom.
The Micom distinguishes polarity and frequency of the H/V sync are supplied from signal cable.
The controlled data of each modes is stored in EEPROM.

Inverter
The inverter converts from DC12V to AC 700Vrms and operate back-light lamp of module.

Operation description - Power

EMI components.
This part contains of EMI components to comply with global marketing EMI standards like FCC, VCCI CISPR, the circuit included a line-filter, across line capacitor and of course the primary protection fuse.
2. Input rectifier and filter.
This part function is for transfer the input AC voltage to a DC voltage through a bridge rectifier and a bulk capacitor.
3. Energy Transfer.
This part function is transfer the primary energy to secondary through a power transformer.
4. Output rectifier and filter.
This part function is to make a pulse width modulation control and to provide the driver signal to power switch, to adjust the duty cycle during different AC input and output loading condition to achive the dc output stablize, and also the over power protection is also monitor by this part.
5. Photo-Coupler isolation.
This part function is to feed back the dc output changing status through a photo transistor to primary controller to achive the stablized dc output voltage.
6. Signal collection.
This part function is to collect the any change from the dc output and feed back to the primary through photo transistor.

Schematic

Power PWB - component and foil side

Power schemtic

Audio schematic

LVDS schematic

MICOM schematic

Troubleshooting

Adjustments

Adjustment should be following procedure and after warming up for a minimum of 10 minutes.
• Alignment appliances and tools.
- IBM compatible PC
- Programmable Signal Generator. (eg. VG-819 made by Astrodesign Co.)
- E(E)PROM with each mode data saved.
1. Adjustment Start
1) Display any pattern at any Mode.
2) Run alignment program for LB886F on the IBM compatible PC.
3) Select EEPROM → ALL INIT command and Enter
4) This will make all data to default state
5) Select COMMAND → PRESET START command and Enter
2. Adjustment for Factory Preset Mode
1) Select DIST. ADJ → FOS DEFAULT command and Enter
2) It will copy all factory default data to EEPROM automatically.

3. Adjustment for White Balance
1) Display color 0,0 pattern at Mode 15.
2) Set External Bright to MAX position and Contrast to
MAX Position.
3) Select PRESET START → BIAS CAL command and Enter.
4) No attempt to manually adjust, BIAS data is automatically adjusted and saved to the EEPROM.
5) Display color 15,0 pattern at Mode 15.
6) Select DRIVE CAL command and Enter.
7) 5800K and 9300K are automatically adjusted and saved to the EEPROM.
8) Select PRESET EXIT command and Enter.
4. Adjustment for EDID
1) Use this procedure only when there is some problem on EDID data.
2) Connect the D-sub cable.
3) Select EEPROM → EDID Write command and Enter.
4) Select DDC(A) Write command and Enter.
5) Connect the DVI-I cable.
6) Select DDC(D) Write command and Enter.

Motorola Moto X – Disassembling procedure – How to remove the battery – How to remove the Earpiece speaker – How to remove the camera

Motorola Moto X:  DISASSEMBLING PROCEDURE 

Locate the SIM card tray on the side of the smartphone and utilize a SIM card ejection tool, or paper clip, to release and remove the tray from the Moto X.
Next, near the dock connector on the bottom of the smartphone, insert the precision knife in the seam that separates the frame/front housing and rear cover. The seam is very tight so we used the precision knife instead of a plastic opening tool or spudger.

Once the first clip is released, you can continue around the perimeter of the Moto X with your plastic opening tool gently freeing the clips.

Before completely removing the rear cover you need to release the camera flash ribbon cable from its socket. Release the cable by lifting the side opposite the cable up 90 degrees. You can now remove the rear case from the Moto X (be sure to keep track of the power & volume buttons).

Next, locate and remove the eleven T5 torx screws that secure the upper & lower protective covers/housing to the motherboard (marked with orange circles).

How to remove Battery

First, remove the lower protective cover; it should release easily with the securing screws removed.

Next, remove the upper cover; it should release just as easily from the motherboard.

There are four connectors (marked with orange rectangles) that need to be released. The connector that rests upon the battery is a locking socket that needs to be disconnected before removing the ribbon cable. The other three connections can be pried up and released.

Now, slide the flat end of the spudger under the battery and carefully lift it up from the securing adhesive. You can now remove the battery from the Moto X.

How to remove Front-Facing Camera

The front-facing camera is housed in the upper corner of the Motorola smartphone. Use the fine tip curved tweezers to pry the connector up from the motherboard and remove the front-facing camera from the Moto X.

How to remove Earpiece Speaker

Use the fine tip curved tweezers to pry up the earpiece speaker from its securing adhesive and remove it from the smartphone.
Next, use the flat end of the spudger to carefully separate the display assembly from the motherboard.
There is a ribbon cable that needs to be released before you can completely remove the motherboard (marked with orange arrow).

How to remove Rear-Facing Camera

The rear-facing camera rests on the bottom side of the motherboard. Use the fine tip curved tweezers to release the locking socket and disconnect the ribbon cable, freeing the rear-facing camera for removal from the Moto X.

How to remove Power & Volume Button Flex Cable

The power and volume button flex cable is located on the back of the display assembly and frame of the Moto X. Use the fine tip curved tweezers to peel the ribbon cable from the securing adhesive. The use of a heat gun or blow dryer is encouraged to free and carefully remove the power and volume button flex cable.

Philips BDL3221V 32 inch WXGA TFT LCD Monitor/TV- How to enter the factory mode, SMPS schematic and troubleshooting

Philips  BDL3221V / 27 BDL3221VS / 00 320WN6QS / 93 320WN6QS / 97

This LCD TV monitor use BDS platform for the video and audio processing.
It can support PC analog, digital signal and TV signal.
It support PIP function that is TV picture on PC graphic or TV picture on DVI (support HDCP).
It's output resolution is up to 1366X768 75Hz for WXGA panel.

TV use MST5151A as Scaler engine, which has embedded Analog D-sub, digital DVI(HDMI) decoder,
scaling input signal for panel, OSD and advanced 3D de-interlace. The DDR SDRAM is used to accomplish video frame rate conversion and PIP function.
The external CPU is used for back light control, RC receiver, keypad input, I/O switch control , IIC communication and TV tuning control, MSP3450G sound decoder control, SAA7119 video decoder control , Columbus IC ( 3D -comb filter ) control , and Audio AMP TPA3008D2 control.
Video decoder SAA7119 is used for TV video processing and convert it with CCIR 656/8bits digital format and send to Columbus IC for 3D comb filter processing and noise reduction processing , after that then send to Scaler for de-interlace process.
Columbus IC is a combination of Enhanced 2D / 3D Comb filter for both PAL and NTSC , and a Spatial / Temporal noise reduction system for both colour and luminance signals .
One audio decoder MSP3450G is used for TV sound processing, and output to Class D audio amplifier
TPA3008D (2 X10W) audio output. This audio decoder is a global sound decoder for Nafta AP, China and European market.
In NAFTA model CC,V-chip data is decoded in SAA5264PS/M3/1437 and the display the CC information via mixed at SAA7119 with the input signal.
The V-Chip is decode by SAA5264PS/M3/1437 and control via the MCU.
In Europe model "Teletext display". Data decode is done by SAA5264PS/M3/1437, output RGB/FB is to video decoder input for text overlapping

Lock/Unlock, Aging, Factory Mode

The OSD function can be locked by pressing "MENU“ button(1) for more than 15 seconds, the screen shows following windows for 3 seconds. Every time when you press “MENU" button, the message appears on the screen automatically.

Unlock OSD function
Unlocked OSD function can be released by pressing "MENU" button for more than 15 seconds again.

Access Aging Mode

Disconnect Interface Cable between Monitor and PC

Turn off LCD monitor. Then press power " " button. Then  quickly push "Left "and "Right ", buttons and hold these two buttons until Aging Screen comes out and then release all buttons.

Factory Mode

Turn off monitor.

Press power "Power " button. Then quickly push "Left " and "Right ",and hold this two buttons , then the screen comes out "Waiting For Automatic Adjustment ",then the screen will be black for one second until comes out "Windows screen"] => then release this two buttons.

Press "MENU" button, wait until the OSD menu with Characters "BDS 32*420WN6 EU V0.50.3 05051LC32*A 6K3*A1" (below OSD menu) come on the Screen of the monitor Factory Menu
Cursor can move on gray color area
Hot key function: by pressing "Up " and " Down " key Simultaneously at User Mode (or Factory Mode)
(PS: The Offset R G B function can be used on reduce or eliminate snowy noise on the background when the resolution of video signal is 1280*768 vertical 75Hz. Slightly increase or decrease the value until snowy noise completely disappear.

Flat Panel Monitors Pixel Defect

pixel or sub pixel defects on the TFT LCD panels used in flat panel monitors are sometimes unavoidable. No manufacturer can guarantee that all panels will be free
from pixel defects, but Philips guarantees that any monitor with an unacceptable number of defects will be repaired or replaced under warranty. This notice explains the different types of pixel defects and defines acceptable defect levels for each type. In order to qualify for repair or replacement under warranty, the number of pixel defects on a TFT LCD panel must exceed these acceptable levels.

For example, no more than 0.0004% of the sub pixels on a 15" XGA monitor may be defective. Furthermore, Philips sets even higher quality standards for certain types or combinations of pixel defects that are more noticeable than others. This policy is valid worldwide

A pixel, or picture element, is composed of three sub pixels in the primary colors of red, green and blue. Many pixels together form an image. When all sub pixels of a pixel are lit, the three colored sub pixels together appear as a single white pixel. When all are dark, the three colored sub pixels together appear as a single black pixel. Other combinations of lit and dark sub pixels appear as single pixels of other colors.

Pixel and sub pixel defects appear on the screen in different ways. There are two categories of pixel defects and several types of sub pixel defects within each category. Bright dot defects appear as pixels or sub pixels that are always lit or 'on'. These are the types of bright dot defects:

Because pixel and sub pixels defects of the same type that are near to one another may be more noticeable

In order to qualify for repair or replacement due to pixel defects during the warranty period, a TFT LCD panel in a Philips flat panel monitor must have pixel or sub pixel defects exceeding the tolerances Bright Dot is defined as dots (sub-pixels) which appeared brightly in the screen when the LCM displayed with whole pattern & Bright Dot's brightess is defined over 50% of the brightness against around. (but,Green bright dot is over 30% of brightness against around)

Tiny Bright Dot is defined as "for Red and Blue" the bright area should be no longer than 1/2 sub-pixel and for green the bright area should be no larger than 1/3 sub-pixel.

SMPS (Power Supply Regulator board) circuit diagram

Troubleshooting